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How Long Did it Take to Build the Colosseum in Rome?
Written by: Artur Jakucewicz
The construction of the Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, spanned approximately eight years, initiated in AD 72 and completed in AD 80. Here’s a detailed breakdown of the chronology:
- AD 72: Emperor Vespasian of the Flavian dynasty commissioned the Colosseum’s construction on Nero’s former Golden House site. The aim was twofold: to erase memories of Nero’s decadence and to provide a grand public arena for the Roman populace.
- AD 73-79: Over these years, the foundational structures and main seating areas of the Colosseum began taking shape. The travertine stone, used as the primary building material, was transported from the quarries at Tivoli, a town approximately 20 miles northeast of Rome. Teams of skilled laborers and engineers worked diligently, making significant progress year after year.
- AD 80: Under the stewardship of Vespasian’s son, Titus, the primary construction of the amphitheater reached its conclusion. In its initial form, the Colosseum could accommodate around 50,000 spectators and was inaugurated with 100 days of games.
- AD 81-96: While the main construction was complete by AD 80, modifications and additions to the Colosseum continued under Emperor Domitian, Vespasian’s younger son. Domitian introduced significant structural additions, notably the hypogeum—an underground complex of tunnels and chambers. He also added the topmost tier, expanding the seating capacity and providing more shaded areas for spectators.
While the primary construction was executed within eight years, enhancements and modifications extended the development phase, marking nearly two decades of continuous architectural evolution. The result was an engineering marvel that has withstood the tests of time and remains one of the most iconic landmarks of ancient civilization.
However, the question of the minds behind this marvel remains a subject of intrigue. The exact identity of the chief architect remains shrouded in mystery. Instead of a single mastermind, the Colosseum likely saw the combined brilliance of several leading architects and engineers of the era, each contributing to different phases and elements of its construction.
The project was a significant state endeavor, reflecting the vision of the Flavian emperors, and was executed by some of the most skilled laborers and architects of ancient Rome. Their collective legacy, the Colosseum, stands as a testament to their expertise and Rome’s grandeur.
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